Ossification, osteoblast differentiation, bone remodelling and bone mineralization related genes were down-regulated. Signal transduction pathway plays a key role in differentiation, proliferation, and the function of bone cells. The changes in the expression of the selected genes involved in signal transduction are listed in Table 2. GDC-0199 solubility dmso The expression of genes related to TGF-β and Wnt signal pathways was found down-regulated in the hyperocclusion side. The microarray platform we used(Capitalbio) was validated by the MicroArray Quality Control

(MAQC) project initiated by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).30 List of genes expressed differently was generated by fold change, rather than t-test P-value for gene selection, which is proposed to be more reproducible. 31 Moreover, gene list generated by fold-change ranking with a nonstringent P-value cut-off showed increased consistency in Gene Ontology terms and pathways, and Forskolin molecular weight hence deduced the reliability of the biological impact. 32 So we used a 1.5-fold change in signal intensity as a cut-off line to consider the differential expression of a gene as significant. We validated our microarray findings

by realtime RT-PCR assays on the selected genes. And gene expression profiles of some key factors obtained by microarray analysis and quantitative RT-PCR were both downregulated, despite some slight variations (Table 3). Collectively, results of the quantitative PCR demonstrated the reliability of the microarray analysis. Super occlusion

can cause rat’s occlusal trauma and alveolar bone resorption.21 The present study provides gene transcript profiles of the rat’s occlusal trauma for 24 h to help to reveal further the molecular mechanisms underlying hyperocclusion induced bone loss. Our emphasis was primarily on genes engaged in bone metabolism, and the related signal transduction pathway mainly through Gene Ontology analysis and Pathway analysis. Furthermore, the validity of our microarray findings was confirmed by conducting real-time RT-PCR assays on the selected genes. This experiment adopted the method of bonding 1 mm steel wire on rat’s upper jaw molar to establish the super-occlusion model, and the occlusion rising distance for the rat sample http://www.selleck.co.jp/products/AG-014699.html could be more accurate and easier. In addition, this experiment adopted the occlusal trauma side of the same rat as the experiment group and the opposite side as the contradistinctive group, which reduced the influences of other factors, such as animal individual difference, to this experiment, and was in favour of the research on the bone resorption caused by occlusal trauma. In this experiment, at 24 h of hyperocclusion, Osteoblast specific genes, Bglap, ALP1 and Col1a1, significantly decreased in expression. Bone gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein (BGLAP, also known as Osteocalcin), is a noncollagenous protein found in bone and dentine.