01, 95% CI=1.16�C3.49, P=0.012). Pri-miR-34b/c rs4938723 variant genotypes significantly increased HCC risk in women, compared to female healthy controls (AOR=1.85, 95% CI=1.20�C2.84, P=0.005) or all of female study subjects without HCC (AOR=1.62, 95% CI=1.14�C2.31, P=0.007) in dominant genetic models (heterozygote/mutational homozygote vs. wild homozygote). These P values reached the significant selleck level of Bonferroni correction (a cutoff P value of 0.013). These effects were not significant in men. Pre-miR-196a2 rs11614913 was not significantly associated with HCC risk, neither in men nor in women. Table 1 The associations of the miRNA polymorphisms with HCC. None of the SNPs were associated with HBV natural clearance, HCC-free chronic HBV infection, abnormal ALT (<40 vs. ��40 U/L), and viral load (<104 vs.

��104 copies/mL), adjusted for age and gender or for age after stratification by gender. However, pri-miR-34b/c rs4938723 CC genotype was inversely associated with the risk of LC compared to ASCs plus the CHB patients, adjusted for age and gender (AOR=0.60, 95% CI=0.36�C0.99); this effect was only found in male study subjects in dominant genetic model (AOR=0.68, 95% CI=0.49�C0.93) (Table S3). Contributions of the Multiplicative Interaction of the SNPs with Gender and Gene-gene Interaction to the Risk of HCC Multivariate regression analyses were firstly performed to determine the contribution of the multiplicative interaction of each SNP with gender (men vs. women) to HCC risk in the whole study subjects or in the HBV-infected subjects, adjusted for age.

It was found that pri-miR-34b/c rs4938723 in dominant genetic model was significantly associated with an increased risk of HCC, with an AOR of 1.62 (95% CI=1.14�C2.31), whereas its multiplicative interaction with men (vs. women) were inversely associated with HCC risk, with an AOR of 0.64 (95% CI=0.43�C0.94), in the whole study subjects. Pri-miR-34b/c rs4938723 in dominant genetic model tended to be associated with an increased risk of HCC in the HBV-infected subjects (AOR=1.49, 95% CI=1.00�C2.23) (Table 2). Pre-miR-196a2 rs11614913 and its multiplicative interaction with gender were not significantly associated with HCC risk, neither in the whole study subjects nor in the HBV-infected subjects (data not shown). Table 2 Contribution of multiplicative interactions pri-miR-34b/c (rs4938723, T >C) with gender to HCC risk in multivariate regression analyses.

In the multivariate regression model, the multiplicative interaction of rs4938723 with rs11614913 was not significantly associated with HCC risk in the whole study subjects. However, the interaction of rs4938723 TC genotype with rs11614913 CC genotype was significantly associated with an increased risk of HCC in women, with an AOR of 2.21 (95% CI=1.24�C3.94, P=0.007) Carfilzomib (Table S4).