PubMedCrossRef 7. Sawers RG: Expression of fnr is constrained by an upstream IS5 insertion in certain Escherichia coli K-12 strains. J Bacteriol 2005, 187:2609–2617.PubMedCrossRef 8. Lintner RE, Mishra PK, Srivastava P, Martinez-Vaz BM, Khodursky AB, Blumenthal RM: Limited functional buy VX-680 conservation of a global regulator among related bacterial genera: Lrp in Escherichia, Proteus and Vibrio . BMC Microbiol 2008, 8:60.PubMedCrossRef 9. Gentry DR, Hernandez VJ, Nguyen LH, Jensen DB, Cashel M: Synthesis of Flavopiridol concentration the stationary-phase sigma factor sigma S is positively regulated by ppGpp. J Bacteriol 1993, 175:7982–9.PubMed
10. Jishage M, Kvint K, Shingler V, Nyström T: Regulation of sigma factor competition by the alarmone ppGpp. Genes Dev 2002, 16:1260–1270.PubMedCrossRef 11. Ferenci T: Maintaining a healthy SPANC balance through regulatory and mutational adaptation. Mol Microbiol 2005, 57:1–8.PubMedCrossRef 12. Typas A, Becker G, Hengge R: The molecular basis of selective promoter activation by the sigmaS subunit of RNA polymerase. Mol Microbiol 2007, 63:1296–1306.PubMedCrossRef 13. Storz G, Hengge-Aronis
R: Bacterial stress responses. ASM Press; 2000. 14. Weber H, Polen T, Heuveling J, Wendisch VF, Hengge R: Genome-wide analysis of the general stress response network in Escherichia coli : sigmaS-dependent genes, promoters, and sigma factor selectivity. J Bacteriol 2005, 187:1591–1603.PubMedCrossRef 15. Potrykus K, Cashel M: (p)ppGpp: still magical? Annu Rev Microbiol 2008, 62:35–51.PubMedCrossRef 16. Cashel M, Gallant J: Two compounds implicated in the function of the selleck inhibitor RC gene
of Escherichia oxyclozanide coli . Nature 1969, 221:838–841.PubMedCrossRef 17. Lazzarini RA, Cashel M, Gallant J: On the regulation of guanosine tetraphosphate levels in stringent and relaxed strains of Escherichia coli . J Biol Chem 1971, 246:4381–4385.PubMed 18. Spira B, Silberstein N, Yagil E: Guanosine 3′,5′-bispyrophosphate (ppGpp) synthesis in cells of Escherichia coli starved for Pi. J Bacteriol 1995, 177:4053–8.PubMed 19. Bougdour A, Gottesman S: ppGpp regulation of RpoS degradation via anti-adaptor protein IraP. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007, 104:12896–12901.PubMedCrossRef 20. Cashel M, Gentry DM, Hernandez VJ, Vinella D: The stringent response. In Escherichia coli and Salmonella: cellular and molecular biology. Volume 1. Edited by: Neidhart FC (Ed. in Chief). American Society for Microbiology Washington, D.C; 1996:1458–1496. 21. Spira B, Hu X, Ferenci T: Strain variation in ppGpp concentration and RpoS levels in laboratory strains of Escherichia coli K-12. Microbiology 2008, 154:2887–95.PubMedCrossRef 22. Kvint K, Farewell A, Nyström T: RpoS-dependent promoters require guanosine tetraphosphate for induction even in the presence of high levels of sigma(S). J Biol Chem 2000, 275:14795–14798.PubMedCrossRef 23. Nyström T: Growth versus maintenance: a trade-off dictated by RNA polymerase availability and sigma factor competition? Mol Microbiol 2004, 54:855–862.PubMedCrossRef 24.