Intervention: Online survey.
Main outcome measure: PGY1 and -2 resident perceptions of health literacy incorporation into pharmacy school and residency training.
Results: 939 surveys were completed. Residents agreed that their pharmacy school training encouraged LT-673 the development of health literacy skills (P < 0.001) and made efforts to improve health literacy awareness (P < 0.001) significantly more than their PGY1 programs. In addition, they felt significantly more confident in their ability to communicate with patients with limited health literacy after their pharmacy school training compared with during or following PGY1 residency training (P < 0.001); however, no difference
was found regarding confidence in identifying patients of limited health literacy.
Conclusion: PGY1 residency programs lag behind the efforts of schools of pharmacy to incorporate the health
literacy training essential to encountering patients of limited health literacy. Future studies should assess whether these perceptions reflect true health literacy awareness and management among pharmacy residents.”
“To suppress noise in electronic devices at gigahertz frequencies, the signal attenuation in the pass-band frequency region must be minimized to enhance the signal integrity without distortion. We designed, fabricated, and evaluated selleck compound two noise suppression microstructures, one using nickel nanorod arrays in a porous anodic aluminum oxide dielectric and a second structure based on a Ni(80)Fe(20) (Permalloy) film in a microstrip waveguide geometry. Both Selleck HM781-36B noise suppression structures function as tunable devices in the microwave range. The devices show signal attenuation at the resonance frequency which is increased more than -20 dB compared with a microstrip line without any magnetic
material. At ferromagnetic resonance the power loss in the nanorod structure was 15% higher than that of a Permalloy based device. In the pass-band frequency region the signal attenuation/insertion loss of the nanorod arrays was about 2 dB higher than that of the Permalloy film. It is observed that to get good noise suppression, the signal distortion due to the signal phase shift must also be minimized. The differential phase shift of the Ni nanorod device was similar to 20% smaller than that of the Permalloy film device. We also designed noise suppressors using Ni nanorods by changing aspect ratios (rod lengths of 5-50 mu m and diameter of 200 nm). The noise suppression frequency and the magnitude of signal attenuation in the noise suppressor were increased as the Py element became thicker. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3072824]“
“Objectives: To identify factors influencing Medicare Part D beneficiaries’ decision to receive pharmacist-provided comprehensive medication reviews (CMRs) and to evaluate their experiences with pharmacist-provided CMRs.
Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study.